While in the act, Nathaniel Rateliff and the Wheel, Rateliff released Desire and Dissolving Men on 'Public Service Records' in 2007.
In Memory of Loss arrived on 'Rounder Records' in May of 2010, and in the UK on 'Decca' in March 2011. The album got the attention of Amazon.com, who listed it as "the number-one album you might have missed in 2010."
A UK only EP release, Shroud, followed in 2011 on 'Decca' records.
His secretly released second solo album, Falling Faster Than You Can Run, on 'Mod y Vi' Records arrived September 17, 2013.
His most noted success thus far would arrive on June 24, 2015, the self-titled release, Nathaniel Rateliff & the Night Sweats, arrived on 'Stax Records'. The lead single, S.O.B., gave the band a name in the public spotlight. Along with Mr. Rateliff, the Night Sweats component featured: Joseph Pope III (bass), Mark Shusterman (keyboards), Patrick Meese (drums), Luke Mossman (guitar), Wesley Watkins (trumpet) and Andy Wild (saxophone).
In November 2016, he released the 8-track EP A Little More From... before Nathaniel Rateliff & the Night Sweats released a new album titled Tearing at the Seams (2018). After spending a week recording 18 songs with his band, Rateliff was not content and decided to return to the studio for five days with his band's rhythm section and three more days with the horns section, producing eight new songs he felt were "appropriate, the right tempo and the right mood".
On January 8, 2020, Nathaniel announced And It's Still Alright, his first solo album in nearly seven years.
In early 2021, Rateliff appeared for the first time on Saturday Night Live taking place on February 13 of that year.